Add one more short stroke to a basic vowel and you get a y sound: ㅏ (a) becomes ㅑ (ya).
Put two vowels together and they glide into one sound: ㅗ + ㅏ = ㅘ (wa). The rarer ones (ㅒ ㅙ ㅞ) are built the same way.
A combined vowel counts as one letter. When it has a flat part and a tall part, the consonant sits in the top left corner: ㄱ + ㅘ = 과, and ㄱ + ㅘ + ㄴ = 관.
Tap each letter to hear it
Read your first words
You already know every letter in these words. Try reading each one before you look at the romanization.